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In a divine competition to become the patron deity of a rising city, Athena and Poseidon presented gifts to the people of Attica on the Acropolis. Poseidon struck the earth to create a salt spring, while Athena planted the first olive tree. The citizens chose the olive tree for its many uses, naming their city Athens in honor of the victorious goddess.
Erichthonius was the legendary king of Athens who was born directly from the earth of Attica following a complex encounter between the gods Hephaestus and Athena. Entrusted to the daughters of King Cecrops in a sealed chest, his discovery led to tragedy when the sisters disobeyed Athena’s warnings and peered inside. He grew to become a great reformer and culture hero, credited with...